1. A data center should be situated on stable geography. Choosing (or building) a data center situated in a flood plain or on a tectonic fault that regularly generates earthquakes is not such a good idea. Much of New Orleans, for example, is several feet below sea level, as the public discovered during the Katrina hurricane disaster. As global warming continues to energize the world weather "heat engine," tornadoes will become a greater problem, leading to either the construction of bunker-like facilities, or else data centers in such areas will be placed securely underground.
2. Given today's terrorist threats, plopping down such a computer facility in the middle of major cities is not such a good idea either. After an international telecommunications company named Interoute Telecom was hit by two terrorist attacks (the Irish Republican Army blew up one of their buildings in London's Docklands area housing a huge Ericsson AXE10 telecom switch area - which continued to run; and then the company lost its New York office in the 9/11 disaster) the company's founders, Simon Taylor and Nick Razey, decided to go into the data center business. They noticed that many New York businesses relocated their data centers out of New York to New Jersey, Connecticut, and various other relatively distant points. So when they founded Next Generation Data and built Europe's largest data center, the 750,000 square foot NGD Europe (also known as NGD1), they situated it far from London, in Wales, where property was inexpensive and electrical power was in abundance.
3. Make sure you are building a computing nexus where there are major tax incentives. U.S. state and local governments offer all sorts of incentives for data center operations, even customized incentives programs offering partial or even a full exemption of sales/use taxes on equipment, construction materials, and perhaps even electricity and backup fuel expenses.
4. In a world of skyrocketing user demand, you want a data center that offers big optical fiber pipes, simultaneously connected to the building by several carriers. (A "carrier-neutral" collocation facility.)
5. You also need your optical pipes to be capable of supporting redundancy in case of a disaster, and diverse paths to distribute the data traffic load.
6. Your building should be near an emerging population of users: China, Singapore, etc. It's not absolutely necessary, but it's good to lessen the number of "hops" to customers and with it, the possibility of outages or high latency in signaling back and forth. Silicon Valley encompasses some of the world's largest technology corporations (Apple, Cisco, Google, HP, Intel, etc.) as well as top universities. It's no wonder that data center construction has boomed in the region, with a market measuring over 5 million square feet of facility space as of mid-2011.
7. Don't place or select a center near locations were other companies manufacture, store or transport hazardous materials. New Jersey's "chemical coast" is one such example.
8. Try to situate your data center is a cool climate so that "free cooling" can be used to keep the equipment cool, instead exclusively using air conditioning or "chillers" as they are known.
9. Don't pick a data center situated in the flight path of a major airport. (Once in a blue moon, they fall down and go boom.)
10. Keep your racks and computers out of the basement of your building, or anybody else's, for that matter. Secondary computing and storage should be safely distant and not below a population that can cause trouble (set accidental fires, set off sprinkler systems and flooding, and so forth).
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